3_1_shrinkagetesting

there are many methods for measuring the shrinkage of cotton fabrics in garments the most reliable methods use a system that properly prepares the sample for the past well-educated goods without tensions or restrictions during wet education accurately measure the results the two most adopted test methods around the world or the eighty cc test method one thirty five which is titled dimensional changes of fabrics after home laundering and test method one fifty which is titled dimensional changes of garments after home wondering these procedures are used to predict dimensional changes that occur after home washing and drying in these methods a home wondering machine is used to wet out the fabric this wells the cotton fibers and applies education without tension wedding out of the fabric without tension is generally enough to allow for elastic shrinkage however complete ranking of the fabric will only occur when trying with mechanical action takes place in the tumble dryer for a complete and reliable shrinkage results it is recommended to wash and tumble dry at least three cycles almost all test methods employed by the industry make use of some version of these tests the materials and equipment needed for this test include the following an automated washing machine an automated tumble dry in the shade standard laundry detergent balanced cloth an indelible ink marking pen a fifteen-inch by fifteen-inch template cutting guide a ruler or measuring system that yields direct wreckage numbers and awaiting balance or scale the procedure for measuring dimensional changes has four steps these include preparation step attesting sequence and evaluation process and a data recording process in the preparation step samples already properly conditioned must be carefully and consistently handled place the fifteen by fifteen inch square template on the fabric align the templates trade edges parallel to the salvage is or with edges of the fabric and to the top and bottom edges of the sample make sure that the edges of the template are more than ten percent from the edges of the samples dimensions mark the outside edges of the template a total of three specimens should be marked if enough fabric is available the subsequent to the specimens must be located so that different workin filling yarns in wovens or different courses and whales and that's are included in the test if enough fabric is available then the specimen should be laid out in a diagonal across the width and length of the fabric if not enough fabric is available than an l shaped pattern should be used label each specimen with proper identification so it's always read in the link direction the identification can be a combination of numbers letters and symbols carefully cut out the specimens to prevent distortion mark each specimen with three sets of length benchmarks and three sets of width benchmarks using the ruler a stamp or other suitable device make sure the ink used is indelible to laundry normally ten-inch benchmarks are used as they make the mathematics easier to calculate some tests call for a larger benchmarks which require the specimen to be larger than fifteen inches square the washing and drying machines in the testing step don't have to be located in a standard conditions laboratory due to the heat and humidity generated in the laundry each samples identification should be logged into a log book in the laundry the information should include the i_d_ number the number of specimens washing and drying conditions the cycle instructions the type of detergent to be used and any special instructions the load size should consist of test specimens and enough ballast pieces to make a four point zero pound dry weight load well then and they did specimen should be washed separately from each other exceptions would be in the washing of garments that contain panels of both worlds and and knitted fabrics the control should be adjusted to the test specifications set the water temperature controlled to the appropriate setting for the wash and rinse temperatures check to wash temperature with the depth of monitor temperature control systems are available that are very effective in controlling the washing and rinsing temperatures fill the washer to the water level setting required to achieve in eighteen gallon level set the washer for a twelve minute normal cycle and the required amount of standard detergent allow sufficient time for the detergent connects with the water next add the weighed sample load and close the lid at the end of the wash likho transfer the washed sample load into a dryer any loose or tangled thread should be cut off at this time next clean the lint filter set the dryer for the time to dry cycle at the thirty minute setting it may be necessary for some heavy fabrics to tumble dry for a longer period one of the most important steps in measuring dimensional change is that of specimen handling following drying knitted and woven fabrics should be handled differently remove knitted specimens from the dryer after the final drying cycle and place flat ana conditioning rack remember knitted fabrics are easily distorted if mister harmon prior to measuring dimensional change they will along gate in length thereby falsifying the data remove woven specimens from the dryer after the final drying cycle and hang on the clothes lines of a portable card the length direction of each specimen should be on vertically the next step is the evaluation or measurement of the changing dimensions each specimen must have its benchmarks measured in this constructions the length is the whale direction and the with is the course direction in woven constructions the length is called the war and the with is called the filling record the distances or a percentage dimensional change and enter onto a tally sheet or into a spreadsheet the values should be reported as an average percent dimensional change to the nearest zero point one percent for each fabric direction as mentioned garments are evaluated for shrinkage with a slightly modified test format with garments the determination of dimensional change is based on the location of benchmarks this is important because garment construction sewing threads sewing tensions antrim may affect the fabric environment dimensions therefore predetermined and agreed upon benchmark locations are used these are covered in detail in a eighty cc test method one fifty knit shirts are evaluated for shrinkage by using benchmarks and in some cases with shrinkage squares in the basic method and it sure it is laid on the table and all folds and wrinkles are carefully spread out on the table with the front of the church facing up for shrinkage measurements the shirt is marked in measured at several locations before and after ordering the benchmark for electric age is determined by measuring from where the caller is sewn into the shirt at the junction of the shoulder seam a mic is made at this point and a tape measure is stretched from this point directly down to the bottom edge of the waste him how mark is made at this point and the length is recorded to the tenth of an inch multiple an alternate positions may also be marked for the front and the back the with his measured on the front of the garment just under the arm holes ammar kas made one inch below the point where the sleeves are sewn into the garment the width is measured in terms of an inch from one side of the gone into the other the sleeves are also measured for the land starting at the top of the sleeve word attach is into the shoulder assembly and moving down to the edge of the sleeve along the top edge the width of the sleeve is measured across the bottom of the hemmed edge and other commonly measure dimension is down the shoulder seam from the neck to the sleeve if the area of the garment allows for it eighteen-inch benchmarks may be placed on the front or the back of the shirt starting above the ham and just below the neck and at least one inch from all ages and scenes if the size of the shirt prohibits an eighteen-inch mark then a ten-inch mark can be used after wandering and conditioning the shirts are again late on a table and the same benchmarks are measured again in order to determine the shrinkage the length of the washed condition is subtracted from the original length this difference is divided by the original length and the result is multiplied by one hundred to give the percentage for example if the original length is twenty four inches for the shoulder at the neck insertion into the bottom of the shirt and the washed one purchase twenty three than the amount of shrinkage would be twenty four minus twenty three divided by twenty four and the total is multiplied by one hundred to give a value of four point two percent links shrinkage slacks or pants are measured in a different manner the most common method is to get a late value for measuring the change indian seem like the with shrinkage is determined by measuring the waistband for the length the cancer spread on the table without distorting the garment a mark is made at the top of the in seem with apparently joins the crotch the length is measured from this point down to the bottom of the unseen and other technique for measuring links shrinkage on pants is to make eighteen-inch benchmarks down either pant leg on both the front and the back the waistband is measured for with by carefully spreading the waistband to eliminate foltz a tape measure is placed at one edge and spread across the waistband until it comes to the other edge again the width is recorded after wandering all the benchmarks are measured again and the shrinkage values are calculated using the same method as with the shirts