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Milan, like many other European cities, has always been linked to the ancient traditions
of magic and the use of herbs that have their roots in religion Gallo-Cisalpine pre-Roman
times. These traditions, today now deemed simple superstitions, have in the past suffered
a strong repression, so that since 1218 have resulted, according to historical data, what
will be one of the most bloody and dark, our history, or the Inquisition.
1385 to 1680, over 300 years old will be executed after lengthy torture, a senior, though never
specified number of victims, including witches, sorcerers, warlocks as well as other people
ree to have a lifestyle different from that imposed by the traditional canons, together
of course with common criminals and criminals. But what are the places where they lived,
worked, and finally, where the witches were executed in Milan?
One of the most famous places for executions is undoubtedly Piazza Vetra, where once passed
the eponymous canal Vetra in the waters of which, ie the Vetreschi tanners washed their
goods before working them, but the other two places were witnesses of violent executions
of innocent men and women. One of these is the Piazza where merchants
came the first performance of which we know, that of Gaspar fats from Valencia, September
16, 1385. In the new Broletto, he is killed under the gaze of a large crowd, perhaps just
at the point a plaque in Latin warns still to be careful not to fall into the hands of
justice. In this place were in fact often judged and executed heretics also, and convicted
of other crimes. Maybe the snake with mouth open in front of the door of this building
may have some relation with the executions carried out here.
Another execution performed at the Broletto which we know is that of Antonia from Pallanza
burned in 1490 for being a witch, there is no further news about it.
Another place where the gallows was always ready to harvest their victims was in front
of the Basilica of St. Esutorgio, where the Dominican friars held their processes inquisitors.
Here are tried and killed, Sibillia Zanni (in 1390), Pierina de 'Bugatis (in 1390),
some Giovannina (in 1515) but for which you know only the name, Simona Ostera Porta Comasina
(in 1519), and Lucia by Lissono (in 1542). The scaffold of S. Eustorgius was also in
operation from 1200 until 1558 for the executions of many different crimes and offenses.
One of the most obvious of the Inquisition come down to us, is the statue placed in the
vicinity of St. Eustorgius, representing the Saint Peter of Verona, a monk inquisitor,
depicted with his head pierced by a sword. In 1252 he returned from Como was shot to
death "Fulcin" in the head and stabbed in the heart by some heretics Comaschi who wanted
to avenge the many victims which he condemned. After 1558 the place of execution moves in
today's Piazza Vetra, where they are executed Marta de Lomazzi (in 1599), Isabella Arienti
(in 1603), called the Fa well, the Montina Gabbana (in 1603), Doralice de 'Foxes (in
1611), Antonia de 'Santini (in 1611), the maid bunting Catherine de Medici (in 1617),
accused of trying to poison his master, Senator Luigi Melzi. Then, James Guglielmotto (in
1620), Water and Angela Maria de 'Restelli (in 1620), Anna Maria Pamolea, mistress, and
Margarita Martignona, his servant (in 1641). These are the last two witches convicted in
Milan, although executions for other crimes continue well beyond, until 1814.
And it is precisely here where now stands the monument to Bishop St. Lazarus martyr
that the executions took place by means of the wheel, impalement and other cruelest torture,
the same place where it was built and then demolished the infamous column, placed in
memory of Gian Giacomo Mora and William Square, accused of being spreaders and therefore executed.
The column was thought to be a catalyst for the negative forces, and it is perhaps for
this reason that was torn down only to be replaced with today's statue of St. Lazarus.
The scaffold was at this point of the park. To access the gallows the condemned had to
pass because of the height of Pioppette and to do that they had to pass the Bridge of
Death, also called the Bridge of Sighs, then a notorious wooden walkway, on which the condemned
had to pass to cross the canal Vetra . In this place was the bridge, imagine how many
people passing here have hoped in vain that something would change events in their favor,
and the terror with which they approached what would be their place of torture and agony
of death. In this place you can see the stones arranged
to form a strange bifurcation, maybe they are related to the bridge that led to the
gallows, but there is no plaque or sign to indicate the reason why these stones can be
found here . Last place of execution for witchcraft is
Piazza Santo Stefano Maggiore where he was strangled and burned Carlo Maurizio Anna,
for crimes of civil jurisdiction (1680). He was also accused of infamous writings,
Magic spells, Diabolici holding, and practiced. He was the latest victim executed for witchcraft
in Milan. Between June and August of 1788 are burned
in the cloister of S. Maria delle Grazie, at the behest of Emperor Joseph II, all documents
relating to the Inquisition of Milan, which covered the period between 1314 and 1764.
A legend, replaceable perhaps the execution of Charles Maurice Anna, in Piazza Santo Stefano
says that just being near the pond, the number 2 lived a witch, who was in charge of all
the witches in the orchard. The house and the front door are still in place. From this
house witches (in Milan Strie) took flight to reach the places where gather to riding
their brooms. In this area, no one ever got sick of the
plague, since the continuous coal cargoes unloaded in the port of via pond that was
connected to the ship that passed in via Sforza, kept away the pests they conveyed the deadly
disease. It was probably this fact to give birth to the legend of the witches of off
Pond. However, it is interesting to note that one
of the Milanese tradition to ward off danger and evil is precisely to hold a broom next
to the front door, one of the many traditions now fallen into disuse, but still practiced
until a few decades ago. Even though most of the places that have witnessed
such sufferings have changed a lot today, it is still important to keep the historical
memory of past events in order to prevent them from falling into oblivion one day over
the total. Also this episode of Milan Mysterious came
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additional information, to discuss advances and propose and comment on the matters dealt
with from time to time .. To be continued and thank you for your attention