Kidney Stones [northoaks.tv Video]

A kidney stone is a crystallized build-up of minerals that forms in the urine. If you have a kidney stone you might feel a severe flank pain that can radiate the lower abdomen with associated nausea and vomiting involving blood in the urine and sometimes a high fever. Dehydration is the leading cause of the majority of stones. Dietary factors and genetic predispositions can also contribute. The diagnosis of a kidney stone is made from a combination of symptoms, physical exam and imaging results. The non contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis is the gold standard imaging modality used to diagnose kidney stones. In certain circumstances a renal ultrasound and plain abdominal X-rays can also be used. Small stones less than six millimeters in size will often pass over a several-week period. An observation is often recommended for the smaller stones. If a larger stone is identified or if the stone does not pass on its own, then surgery may be warranted. There are three main surgeries used to treat kidney stones. And each depends on the size of the stone, the location of the stone and the patient's preference. The least invasive approach uses ultrasound waves from outside the body to fragment the stone into tiny pieces. We can also use a small scope to go backwards up the urinary tract and then laser the stone and use a basket to retrieve the stone. When stones are very large we sometimes have to go straight through the back directly into the kidney to remove the stones. Fortunately the majority of stones can be prevented by drinking more water and changing your diet, limiting caffeine soda and tea and consuming a low-salt and low animal protein diet can also be helpful. Here at North Oaks we have all of the surgical equipment needed to safely and successfully treat your kidney stones. But more importantly, I place a strong emphasis on stone prevention. For patients who get stones frequently, I will typically perform a metabolic workout to determine specifically what is causing your stones. We can then develop an individualized treatment plan to help stop future stones from forming.