University Challenge S44e14 Magdalen College, Oxford Vs Pembroke College, Cambridge

APPLAUSE Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman. APPLAUSE Hello. Ahead of us, the last of the first-round matches. 13 teams are already through to the next stage of the competition. They'll be joined by whichever team wins tonight. The losers could earn the chance to play again if they notch up more than 140 points. Teams from Magdalen College Oxford have won the series four times in the past, a distinction they share only with Manchester University. The college was founded in 1458 by the Bishop of Winchester and Lord Chancellor William Waynflete, who wanted a college on the grandest scale. It could be said he got one, given that Magdalen's grounds boast a deer park, a meadow bounded by the Cherwell and a Fellows' Garden, as well as architecture that includes several imposing quadrangles and the Great Tower, an Oxford landmark that plays host to the college choir's celebration of May Morning. Alumni include Cardinal Wolsey, the politicians William Hague, George Osborne and Jeremy Hunt and the fictional Bertie Wooster! With an average age of 23, representing around 600 students, let's meet the Magdalen team. Hi, I'm Harry Gillow, I'm studying Classics and I'm from Stowe, in Staffordshire. Hi, I'm Chris Savory, I'm from Burgess Hill in West Sussex. - I study chemistry. - This is their captain. Hello, my name is Hugh Binnie, I live near Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, and I'm also studying chemistry. Hello, I'm Cameron J Quinn, originally from Los Angeles, California, and I read philosophy and French. APPLAUSE Now, Pembroke College Cambridge dates back to 1347 and claims to be the earliest Cambridge college to survive on its original site with an unbroken constitution from its first foundation. Alumni include William Pitt the Younger, the poets Thomas Gray and Ted Hughes, the novelist Tom Sharpe and the actress Naomi Harris. The team have told us some spurious-sounding research in the Economist, which claimed that the more Cambridge College spent on wine, the better its college's academic results. - LAUGHTER - Pembroke apparently proves this. Let's hope the brains of tonight's four are in better shape than their livers. With an average age of 19, they are playing on behalf of 700 fellow students. Let's meet them. Hello. My name's Tom McGee, I'm from Kent and I'm studying Arabic and Spanish. Hello, my name is Theodore Hill, I'm from High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire - and I'm studying classics. - This is their captain. Hi, my name is James Hutt, I'm from Bedfordshire and I'm studying chemistry. Hi, my name is Mark Hammond, I'm from Farnham in Surrey and I'm studying physics. APPLAUSE OK, you all know the rules so let's just get on with it. Fingers on buzzers, your first starter for ten. Who became the first commoner to be shown on a British coin when he appeared on the 1965 crown, or five shilling piece? The bank of England has announced plans to feature him on a new five pound note in 2016 along with an image of the Nobel Prize winner for Literature... Winston Churchill. - Correct. - APPLAUSE So you get the first bonuses, Magdalen. They are on 19th-century history. In each case, name the Prime Minister whose administration made the following reforms - firstly, for five, the reintroduction of income tax and the repeal of the Corn Laws. Peel. Correct. Cardwell's army reforms, which included abolition of the purchase of commissions, and the Ballot Act, which brought in secret ballots in elections. Any ideas? Disraeli? Disraeli. No, Gladstone, in his first ministry. And finally, the Artisans' Dwellings Act, which made possible slum clearance, and the Conspiracy And Protection Of Property Act, which legalised peaceful picketing. THEY CONFER Try Disraeli. Is that Disraeli? It is. Ten points for this - what precise natural phenomenon links a play by Neil Simon adapted into a film starring George Burns, an Oscar-winning 2006 comedy about a children's beauty pageant and the nicknames...? Sunshine. - Sunshine is correct, yes. - APPLAUSE These bonuses are on songs and singing, Magdalen College. From the Latin for "to sing", what word is given to a division of a long poem, for example, by Dante in The Inferno, and by Byron in Don Juan? Canto. Correct. Literally meaning "a little song", what word is used for several hymns mostly taken from Scripture, including the Benedicite and Nunc dimittis? - Cantata? - Cantata. No, it's canticle. And finally, meaning "a singer" in Latin, what term is used for the person called the precentor, whose duty it is to lead the singing in a church or synagogue? Cantor. - Correct. Ten points for this. - APPLAUSE "The world's largest arboreal and slowest breeding mammals, "they are considered social recluses, "yet have a very peculiar sex life and establish local traditions "reminiscent of nascent human cultures." These words refer to which primates of the genus pongo...? Orang-utan. Orang-utan is correct. APPLAUSE These bonuses are on the solar system, Magdalen. Among the eight undisputed planets of the solar system, which has the most markedly ellipsoidal shape with an equatorial diameter roughly 10% greater than its polar diameter? THEY CONFER Cameron suggested it might be Uranus. Uranus. No, it's Saturn. Which planet has the most elliptical orbit around the sun, with an orbital eccentricity of more than 0.2? Neptune. It's Mercury. Finally, the South Pole-Aitken basin is a large and distinctly elliptical impact crater, probably caused by a low angle impact on which body of the solar system? The moon? Correct. Ten points for this. In 1865, what Greek-derived term did the archaeologist John Lubbock coin for a period spanning around 99% of human technological prehistory? Marked by the development of the first stone tools, it began... The Holocene? No, you lose five points. It's began about 2.5 million years ago and lasted until the end of the Pleistocene Epoch. One of you buzz from Pembroke? Mesozoic. No, it's the Palaeolithic. Another starter question now. "I saw that the bride within the bridal dress had withered like "the dress and had no brightness left but the brightness of her "sunken eyes." These words of Charles Dickens described which character? Mrs Havisham. That's the whole point, it's MISS Havisham, but I'll accept that you got the right person. It's what happened on her wedding day, it's the key thing about her. Right, your bonuses this time, Pembroke, are on phonetics and phonology. Common in English but absent in most other languages, the phoneme known as a voiceless dental fricative is represented in the international phonetic alphabet by which Greek letter? Theta? Correct. The voiceless dental fricative is a phoneme in English, Spanish and which other official language of the United Nations? THEY CONFER Which one of that...? Which one? Iraq. Arabic? Correct. In Welsh orthography, which double letter represents the voiced dental fricative that is the TH sound in the English word "then"? Not LL, is it? I think it's DD. DD? Correct. APPLAUSE Now time for the first of our two picture rounds. You'll see a map of part of the UK with a university town marked. For ten points, name the town. Aberystwyth. Correct. APPLAUSE Now, in the book The Meaning Of Liff, by Douglas Adams and John Lloyd, the writers reinvent the definitions of certain words. The word Aberystwyth becomes "A nostalgic yearning which is in itself more pleasant than "the thing being yearned for." For your bonuses, three UK towns for you to identify from their locations and definitions devised by John Lloyd and others. Firstly, A, defined as "To shout at foreigners in the belief that "the louder you speak the better they'll understand you." LAUGHTER Great Yarmouth? Great Yarmouth? Great Yarmouth is right. Secondly, B, defined as "A lump of something gristly "and foul-tasting concealed and a mouthful of stew or pie." LAUGHTER - Grimsby? - Yeah, that's Grimsby. Grimsby? Correct. And finally, C, defined as "A retired policeman." It looks a bit like Cambridge. No, it's not Cambridge. Milton...? - Hemel Hempstead...? - There's no university there. No, it's Dunstable. Ten points for this. Which country joined the United Nations in 1991 and comprises over 600 islands, divided into states including Yap, Chuuk and Pohnpei? Along with Palau they make up the Caroline Islands, and until 1986 were part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Federation of Micronesia? Correct. And you take the lead. Your bonuses are notable test matches at Old Trafford. Firstly for five points, unlikely to be beaten, the record for the best bowling figures in a test match is held by which Yorkshire born off spinner, who took 19 wickets against Australia at Old Trafford in 1956? Laker. - Laker. - Jim Laker's right. His first in an Ashes test, who produced the ball of the century to dismiss Mike Gatting at Old Trafford in 1993? England lost by 179. - Shane Warne. - Correct. With 10,000 people locked out of the ground, who scored 156 on the final day of the Ashes test of 2005 to save the match for Australia? The match finished as a draw, with Australia nine wickets down. - It might have been Katich. - Do we have anything better than Katich? Well, it wasn't Hayden... No. Simon Katich. - Simon Katich? - No, it was Ricky Ponting. Ten points for this. "It has been relegated to the holidays - "in memory of the happy days in sunglasses, washing away "the dust of the southern roads with heady southern wines." These words of Evelyn Waugh allude to the unfamiliarity in Britain of what style of architecture, prominent in Europe from the 17th century? - Baroque. - Correct. Right, your bonuses are on scientific terms with the prefix "iso". Give each one-word term from the description. Firstly, a line that links points of the same surface brightness on an image of a galaxy, nebula or other celestial object. I don't know, it'll be something like isolux... - Isogram, maybe? - Isogram, that's a bit too... THEY CONFER Isolux? - Isolux? - No, it's isophote. Secondly, a quantum number related to the strong nuclear force equal to a half for both up quarks and down quarks, and zero for all other quarks. Iso... - Isospin? - Could be. - Isospin? - Correct. In geophysics, a theoretical gravitational equilibrium in the Earth's crust akin to buoyancy, notable in the upward rebound of local crust following the melting of an ice sheet. Again, I don't know... What's "melting"...? - Isofund? - Isomelt? - Isomelt? - No, it's isostasy. Ten points for this. In 1789, the German chemist Martin Klaproth analysed a gem known since antiquity, and discovered which element, in the form of its... - Carbon. - No, you lose five points. ..in the form of its oxide? On the periodic table it appears between yttrium and niobium, and is the last element when listed alphabetically. - Zirconium. - Yes. These are your bonuses, they're on British birds whose generic and species names are the same, an example being Cygnus cygnus, the whooper swan. In each case, give the common name from the description. Firstly, Milvus milvus, a bird of prey with a deeply forked tail. Once confined to Wales, it's been successfully reintroduced to England and Scotland, and has what common two-word name? - Red kite. - Correct. Apus apus - a summer visitor with long scythe-like wings, by convergent evolution it resembles the swallow and house martin, but is not taxonomically related to it. - Swift? - Yeah. - The swift. - Correct. Finally, Pica pica - a long-tailed member of the crow family, common throughout the UK. Jay...? Magpie. It is the magpie, yes. Time to hear some music. Your music starter is a piece of popular music. For ten points, I want you to identify the band. # All men have secrets... # - The Smiths? - It is The Smiths. That recording by The Smiths was from one of the Peel Sessions, John Peel's live sessions which were credited with launching the careers of many major acts, The Smiths among them. Your music bonuses are pieces from three bands or artists, to whom Peel gave early and pivotal exposure. Firstly, for five, this one... # I don't want to change the world... # THEY CONFER Billy Bragg? Billy Bragg. Indeed. Apparently, he got his break by hearing John Peel say he was hungry and turning up with a mushroom biryani. - LAUGHTER - Secondly, this band... # Some folks like water # Some folks like wine # But I like the taste # Of straight strychnine... # THEY CONFER - Could be Wire or something like that? - OK, yes. THEY CONFER OK. Is it Wire? - No, it's The Fall. - OK. - Strychnine. Finally, this band... # And we're changing our way... # - That's Joy Division. - OK, yes. - Joy Division. It is Joy Division, Love Will Tear Us Apart. Ten points for this. In May, 2013, Roberto Azevedo was confirmed as the new Director General of the World Trade Organisation, becoming the first person from which country to hold... - Brazil. - Brazil is correct, yes. Right, your bonuses are on bricklaying, Pembroke. GENTLE LAUGHTER What term denotes a brick laid with its long side along the face of a wall? The same word may be used to indicate an item of equipment used by paramedics. Paramedics. Maybe it's a splint? THEY CONFER - Splint... - Splint? - Tile or something. - Splint's not bad. Splint? No, it's a stretcher. Secondly, what term denotes a brick laid at right angles to the face of a wall? The same word also denotes a legal method of propelling the ball in football. A touch? - Um... - Free kick? A header? Header, yes, because then it's... - Header. - Correct. What six-letter term denotes a continuous horizontal layer of bricks in a wall? The same word may also mean the direction of a river. - Flow? - Six letter. - Course. Course? - Oh. - Course. - Course is very good. Ten points for this. C27 and H46O is the molecular formula of which waxy substance present in all animal tissue? High levels of it in the bloodstream are a possible cause of... - Cholesterol? - Correct. Right, Magdalen, these bonuses are on the novels of Don DeLillo. The Hitler Studies academic Jack Gladney is the narrator of which novel of 1985 by DeLillo? Its two-word title also denotes an effect used in electronic music. Um, what do they use? THEY CONFER - Some kind of reverb? - I don't know. - No? - Reverb nation? - Sorry? - Reverb nation? - Two words. - Reverb nation. - No, it's white noise. - Oh. Secondly, which constellation of the Zodiac is the title of DeLillo's ninth novel, a fictional account of how the lies of Lee Harvey Oswald and John F Kennedy intersected in Dallas? Probably, like Gemini or something. - Does Gemini sound reasonable? - Yes. - Gemini. No, it's Libra. And finally, in 1992, DeLillo won the PEN Faulkner award for Mau II, a novel taking its title from a portrait by which artist? - That could be, that would be... - Warhol, yes. - Do you think Andy Warhol? - Yes. - Warhol. - Warhol is correct. Ten points for this starter question. In continuous publications since 1858, which textbook was illustrated by Henry Van *** Carter, who shortly after completing his work left his London post for a career in tropical medicine in India? Is it Gray's Anatomy? Yes, it is. Get these bonuses, you'll retake the lead, Pembroke. They're on the Caribbean. In each case, name the island state that was the birthplace of the following. Firstly, Derek Walcott and Arthur Lewis, Nobel laureates in literature and economics respectively. - St Lucia. - We do know that. St Lucia. - Sounds good. - St Lucia? Correct. Secondly, the novelist Jean Rhys and the long-serving Prime Minister Eugenia Charles? Ooh. - Your thoughts? - Try Jamaica. - Jamaica. Jamaica? No, it's Dominica. And thirdly, the novelist VS Naipaul and sprinter, Ato Boldon. - Wasn't it Trinidad and Tobago? - Ah, yes, yes. - Trinidad. - It's a nation, right? Trinidad, and Tobago. - Yes. - Trinidad and Tobago. Well done. You take the lead. Ten points for this. Give the name of a space flight programme and the number of the mission that landed Armstrong and Aldrin on the moon in July... - Apollo 11. - YOU retake the lead. Well done. - THEY LAUGH - Bonuses on prime or Greenwich Meridian. The prime meridian crosses the North Sea coast near the village of Tunstall in which ceremonial county? THEY CONFER It could be Aberdeenshire, or something like that. Is that too far? THEY CONFER - I'm not sure. - Any suggestions at all? No? Aberdeenshire. No, it's the East Riding of Yorkshire, East Yorkshire. Which market town in South Lincolnshire lies close to the prime meridian? The tower of its parish church is visible for miles across the Fens and is known as The Stump. South Lincolnshire, what town? Any suggestions? No? - No, pass. - It's Boston. The prime meridian meets the Channel coast near Peacehaven - in which English county? - Is that East Sussex? - Do you think it's East Sussex? - I think it's East Sussex. - OK. - East Sussex. - Correct. Right, we're going to take another picture around. For your picture starter, you'll see a cartoon depicting an artist. Ten points if you can give me his name, please. Dali. No. Beardsley? No, it is Whistler. So, picture bonuses shortly. Get a starter question right first, though. Ten points for this. In which book of the Old Testament do Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah appear, later renamed Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego? They are the companions of the book's eponymous figure. Job. No. - Daniel. - That's correct. Pembroke, you lose five points, I'm afraid. Right, we go back to the picture round, then. You will recall that you saw a cartoon of Whistler featured in Vanity Fair, 1878. It was the work of Sir Leslie Ward. For your bonuses, three more Vanity Fair depictions of public figures of the Victorian era, also by Leslie Ward. Five points for each you can identify. Firstly, this is a philosopher. That looks like John Stuart Mill to me. - Mill. - It is John Stuart Mill. Secondly, this politician. - Who haven't we had yet? - We haven't had Salisbury. THEY CONFER Salisbury. Looks nothing like Salisbury. It's Parnell. Finally, this composer. - Is that Wagner? - Wagner. Wagner. It is Wagner, yes. Well done. Ten points for this. Its western portion annexed by the USSR in 1940, and its Finnish population largely evacuated, which historical region...? Karelia. Karelia is correct, yes. These bonuses are on a Greek letter in physics, Pembroke College. What Greek capital letter character is used to denote the quantity of solid angle measured in steradians? That would be capital Theta, I think. Let me think. I think it's capital Theta. - Capital Theta. - No, it's Omega. Which unstable baryonic particle with a lifetime of 82 picoseconds is made up of three strange quarks? I need the full name, please. - Alpha particle. - No, erm... I don't know. Pick a particle, pick a letter. Alpha particle? No, it's Omega minus. In cosmology, a capital Omega denotes which specific parameter? Could it be time? Cosmology... It could be something like... - Could it be redshift or something? - Sorry? - Could it be redshift? - Yeah, could be. I don't have a better guess than that. - Redshift. - No, it's density. There's about four minutes to go and ten points for this. Born in Warwickshire in 1815, Sir Henry Parkes is often described as the father of the federation of which present day country formed from a number of British colonies in 1901? Canada? No, anyone like to buzz from Magdalen? The Commonwealth. No, it was Australia. I'm afraid, Pembroke, you lose another five points. Right, ten points for this. Which mineral comes next in this ascending sequence of the Mohs scale of hardness - fluorite, apatite, orthoclase, and...? - Diamond? - No. Magdalen, one of you want to buzz? - Quartz. - Quartz is correct. These bonuses are on medical terms. In the disease known as ankylosing spondylitis, what dose the prefix "ankylo" mean? What does ankylo mean? THEY CONFER - What? Back? - Armour or something. I don't know. Armour. No, it means crooked, bent or curved. Secondly, in the same name, the prefix "spondylo" refers to what part of the body? Crooked, what can be crooked? Foot, maybe? The foot. No, it's the spinal column. Finally, what is denoted by the suffix "itis"? Inflammation? - An inflammation. - Inflammation is correct. Three minutes to go. Ten points for this. Listen carefully - if a radioactive isotope has a decay constant lambda, then what quantity is given by the natural logarithm of two divided by lambda? - The half-life. - Correct. Here are your bonuses, Magdalen, they're on violin concertos. Written between 1717 and 1723, the Double Violin Concerto in D Minor is one of the best-known works of which composer? - JS Bach. - Correct. Which composer's three surviving violin concertos were written in the 1760s, probably for Luigi Tomasini, who later became the concert master of the Esterhazy Orchestra? - Haydn, I'd imagine. - OK. - Haydn. - Correct. Born 1756, which composer's five violin concertos were written before his 20th birthday? Would that be Mozart? What was the year he was born? They said 1756. Let's have it, please. - Mozart. - Mozart is right. Ten points for this. Meaning Sulphur Island in Japanese, which island 1,200km south of Tokyo is the main location of a 2006 film directed by Clint Eastwood? Okinawa? No, anyone like to buzz? - Iwo Jima. - Iwo Jima is correct. A set of bonuses for you on islands now, Magdalen. In each case, I want the country that has jurisdiction over the following islands or island groups and the ocean in which they're located. Firstly, for five points, the Chagos Archipelago. - Any suggestions? Ecuador and the Pacific? - Yeah, that could be it. Ecuador and the Pacific. No, it's the UK and the Indian Ocean. Secondly, Franz Josef Land. - It could be Austria. - OK, where's it going to be? - Is it in Antarctica? - Antarctic or Arctic? Austria and the Antarctic. No, it's Russia and the Arctic. Finally, the Galapagos Islands. - Ecuador and the Pacific. - Ecuador and the Pacific. Ecuador and the Pacific. Correct. Ten points for this. Describing the possible emotions of a body or system of bodies, what, in addition to statics and kinetics, is the third branch...? - Dynamics. - No, you lose five points. ..the third branch of the science of mechanics? Kinematics. Correct. Here are your bonuses - they're on novels whose title is a four-letter girl's name. In each case, listen to the description and give the title and the author. Firstly, a novel of 1880 about an actress and courtesan in Paris during the second empire. I would say it's Nana by Zola. - Nana by Zola. - Correct. Secondly, a work of 1853 by the author of Mary Barton and North And South. It shares its name with the book of the Old Testament. - Isn't it Elizabeth Gaskell? - Ruth by Elizabeth Gaskell. Correct. A novel of 1816, whose characters include Harriet Smith, Robert Martin and George Knightley. GONG APPLAUSE And at the gong, Pembroke College Cambridge have 110. Magdalen College Oxford, have precisely twice, 220. It was Emma, of course, that last one. You were just about to say that, weren't you? Pembroke, you were pretty strong, much stronger than the score of 110 represents. But we shall have to say goodbye to you, I'm afraid. Magdalen College, 220. A very good score, well in the tradition of victorious Magdalen teams we've seen here before. Congratulations to you. I hope you can join us next time, but until then, - it's goodbye from Pembroke College, Cambridge. - PEMBROKE: Goodbye. - It's goodbye from Magdalen College, Oxford. - MAGDALEN: Goodbye. And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.