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«À person doesn't have wings... But I think he'll fly with the help not of his muscles, but with the help of his mind.» N.E. Zhukovskiy
A human's desire to get off the ground and hover in the sky, like the birds do, did not leave the inventors and scientists, promoting scientific and technological progress.
The development of the aircraft began with the wings that are brave fastened behind their back and tried to fly,
jumping from the high bell-linen, steep banks, maiming and dying in the name of a great faith in human's flight.
A significant contribution to the development of the aircraft the European natural scientists did.
In the sketches of Leonardo da Vinci we find the models of the helicopter and parachute.
Our nugget Mikhail Lomonosov July 12,1754, showed the Russian Academy of Sciences a working model of a helicopter with a spring-hour drive of two counter-rotating propellers.
The appearance of an internal combustion engine provided a new space for fliers' fantasy
In 1882, Alexander Mozhajskij created and tasted a monoplane with two steam engines, which could get off the ground self-autonomy.
One of the first aircraft manufacturers' teams, which relied not on luck in the problems of safety, but on the need to secure and reduce the risk on the pilot's life, were the Wright brothers.
With the successful flight of their "Flyer", the mankind has stepped into a new era - an era of aviation, realizing with each new victim on the new way, that the flight should be as safe as it can be, and, if possible, enjoyable.
A defining vector of aviation development, since the early days, was the rivalry between countries, held under the theme "Higher! Further! Faster!"
And it allowed to achieve remarkable successes enshrined in dozens of outstanding world records set by the planet's best pilots.
On the 19th of August, 1941 the Decree of the State Defense Committee ¹ 513 "About the establishment of the second researching base of the Aviation in the East of the USSR" decided to organize in Novosibirsk a branch number 2 of the Central hydrodynamic Institute of Professor Nikolai Zhukovsky,
whose tasks would have included the conducting of the researches in the field of theoretical, and experimental researches in aerodynamics together with companies and industrial laboratories of the aviation industry
Head of Research Seryeznov Alexey Nikolaevich, Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Academician of Academy of Engineering Sciences of Russian Federation, USSR Counsil of Ministers Award Laureate, A. N. Kosygin Award Laureate: When choosing a city, Novosibirsk was chosen. It already differed by the presence of academic institutions, and developed industry, and, generally, the presense of the research branchinstitutes.
In September - October about 500 people arrived in the city of Novosibirsk, the employees of Central hydrodynamic Institute. At the head of the research team was Academician Chaplygin, who was engaged in scientific and organizational work.
In 1942 Chaplygin died, and at the same time a plan of construction and development of the Institute was worked out, and the construction of a wind tunnel began. In 1944 it started it's work to provide the combat capabilities of Soviet aircraft
In November, 1946 Antonov Oleg Konstantinovich, being the Chief Designer of the quite experienced design office at the aircraft factory of Chkalov V.P. in Novosibirsk, was also appointed as a head of SibNIA (Siberian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation).
His famous airplanes An-2, which is the long living record-holder, and An-14 called "Bee" spread the wings with the help of specialists from SibNIA.
One of the oldest departments in SibNIA is SID-1 (scientific research department), which is still working and developing.
Head of Aircraft Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics, Research Division Chemezov Vladimir Leonidovich, PhD in Technical Sciences:
Our department deals with rather wide range of questions in aerodynamic designing of promising planes and aircrafts of different classes and functions,
we carry out a research of stationary and non-stationary flow of bearing systems, as well as a research in aerodynamics of industrial buildings and structures, high-speed vehicles and others
The main tool of our experimental research is wind tunnel T-203. Mainly all models of airplanes designed and developed in Design Office Department (DOD) during the Soviet times and nowadays in present Russia were tested in the tunnel T-203
Some special place in our work at the department takes development and upgrading operations of Su-27 aerodynamic assembling
At present the department partakes in adjustment and development of aerodynamic assembling in modem XXI airliners as Ms-21 and Sukhoy Super Jet-100 of new production.
In the middle of 50s' the world aviation faced a serious problem to ñàrró out laboratory fatigue tests of airplanes.
It required of creating a strong experimental base, capable to study fatigue resistance of different plane types in the laboratory environment.
It was made a decision to construct such center on the basis of SibNIA and to focus the Institute on endurance test of experimental and production run aeronautical equipment
In 1957 a design statement for the Institute reconstruction was approved. At the same time the construction of the unique test bench ¹ 6 started.
This laboratory of aircraft potential resistance lets carry out plane strength tests with gross weight up to 500 t.
Head of Airframe Fatigue and Static Strength Research Division Kargapoltsev Andrey Gennadievich: The resistance test department of SibNIA began to fulfill static tests in 1952, while fatigue tests were made in 1955.
By now more than 170 planes, 43 modifications and 180 aircrafts were tested on the individual benches.
The bench for Super Jet 100 is the best example to show the main lines of methods development for testing and equipment used in SID-2.
The principle of the bench is to use loading bidirectional device with efficient placement of hydraulic units, where we use the independent hydraulic load protection of servo motor with the use of brownout valve on the control and protection panels.
Automated system of control and power inspection system are assembled on the base of elemental base which is equipped with a touch control monitor
The software was elaborated in SibNIA, which lets us make loading mission profile of the experiment from arrays of early written segments, make some correction of control algorithm in time and achieve the best proportions of speed and precise loading.
System of unidirectional load on the wing let significantly decrease the volume of installation work and free a wing. This fact increases possibilities to find damages.
In 60s', 70s' and even during the difficult 80s' of reformation SibNIA continued its work.
Deputy Head of Aircraft Dynamic Strength Research Division Mazoutsky Andrey Yuryevich, PhD in Technical Sciences: SibNIA started to carry out the research of aircrafts dynamic strength since the beginning of 50s', and to-gether with the calculated research,
it tested more than 200 actual planes on the frequency, more than 200 plane models were tested in the wind tunnel, where such serious effects of were under study.
We tested more than 900 construction fragments on vibroacoustic resistance. Mainly these fragments were helicopter blades, being hardware subjected to high sound pressure, and more than 500 landing gears.
Based on the test results we submitted recommendations to improve dynamic assembling and resource allocation.
Our department had tight connections with nearly all DODs of the field, with the Chinese People Republic. At present we are carrying out some research work for the Design Offices of Mr. Sukhoy. and Mr. Tupolev and many others.
Head of Airframe Thermal Strength Research Division Bolotsky Viktor Ivanovich: SibNIA started to study a problem of thermal resistance of aircrafts more than fifty years ago, in the middle of the previous century.
At first the Institution organized a department in order to fulfill the task, and then, in 1984, it was reorganized into a scientific research division ¹ 10.
For this period, the department and then the division carried out thermal resistance tests for more than 100 actual production samples, units, parts of aviation, rocket and space equipment. Moreover, SRD-10 tested the parts and construction units for the aerospace vehicle "Buran".
At present there is some modernization work at the section of life thermal resistance test of lamp glassing for supersonics, and there is some preparation to test lamps for plane of the 5-th generation.
Head of Flight Test Research Division Filimonov Dmitry Vladimirovich: The flight-research base in SibNIA was organized as a separate division within the Institute in 1980.
The aim of which is to conduct flight study of units for aircrafts in operation circumstances, assess their conformity with set requirements.
Main activities of the flight research base are to create flying laboratories in the production run air planes, and to carry out flight testing of light and super light aircrafts, and testing ground radio lightning equipment in airports.
Our specialists take part in the certification testing of aircraft samples for general purpose aviation as experts.
Nowadays we are working on creation of modem means for log measuring, flight parameters registering, and on advancement of technologies and methods of flight testing.
Rapid but regular development of the Institute, diversification in the scientific studies were defined not only by the State policy, but also were realized by people working here, by their wish to make an important contribution into the Russian aviation.
At the same time, the Institute and the Govemment did their best. Up to 1991 they built 22 apartment houses, 3 kindergartens and day nursery room, a summer camp, where more than 500 children could have a rest during the summer,
a recreation center called "Sedova Zaimka", garden cooperative and a water lodge.
Our achievements in production and social welfare of 60s' - 80s' are tightly connected with the name of its Director, Suvernev Vitaliy Grigorevich, who was the head of the Institute since 1959 till 1989.
Seryoznov Aleksey Nikolaevich was the head of the Institute during the most difficult period of time, since 1989 till 2007.
Seryeznov Alexey Nikolaevich: It was the period of "Perestroyka" when many new problems appeared. But during that period the Institute was working, and quite successfully.
However, it should be pointed out adverse effects of post-reconstruction period when the Soviet Union was destroyed, when the aviation industry had no-one to rule, and when during 6 years the Institute was under supervision of seven different organizations, and when the financing was barely done, we managed to save our staff, its working part which provided the Institute with work.
And that was the difficult part. Nevertheless, we managed to find some orders and work during perestroyka, and were capable to go through such a hard period and became strong.
We could keep the Scientific Research Center alive in the eastern part of Russia.
Since the beginning of 2000s' the economical policy of Russia was adjusted to support and develop the real economics sectors, which was quite favorable for SibNIA development.
Ideas in small aircraft business, and gradually growing demand for scientific and technical services offered by the Institution in the sphere of light motor aircraft creation led in 2003 to creation of Scientific Re-search Department - 9 (SRD-9) which task is to create and operate aircrafts.
Head of Aircraft Maintenance and Operation Research Division, Acting Head of Aircraft Dynamic Strength Research Division Kalyuta Alexandr Andreevich: Main task of the department is to cany our the scientific and research, experimental, theoretical, designed and analytical, and experimental-design work, namely:
- design, implementation and realization of methods to provide and support the flight validity of aircrafts, and aircraft safe operation.
- development of normative and legal propositions to provide legitimate existence and functioning of small aircraft in Russia.
- study of influence of design-technologic, and operational and climatic factors on the mechanical characteristics of constructive material;
- execution of model and full-scale tests of elements in airframes, for example a durability test of rotors;
- study of fail-safe feature reliability of aeronautical equipment.
The results of our studies were wildly adopted in resource arguments of new parts in aircrafts, in justification of implementation practicability of new technological processes and operations into the aircraft manufacturing;
in investigation work of reasons and character of air crashes and industrial occurrences, and in certifying job of aircrafts structures, machine-building structures, goods of medical equipment and consumer goods.
Head of Certificate Authority for Unique Aircrafts of General Aviation Closed Company «Aviation certificate authority "SibNIA-TEST" (CC "ÀÑÀ "SibNIA-TEST") Moseykin Igor Aleksandrovich: In 2007 a closed joint-stock company "SIBNIA-TEST", being now a certificate center, was formed on the basis of Federal State Unitary Enterprise "SibSIA of Chaplygin".
The main activities of our institute are to define aircraft performance characteristics, to issue reports for the aircraft owners in order to operate them effectively, and prepare and complete operating plane manuals, and maintenance manuals.
We are the only scientific aviation center from the Ural to eastern boundaries of Russia.
Nowadays we are working on historic aircrafts. They are fighters Mig-3 and I-16, and a battle plane Il-2. Our plans are to open representative offices in the northern part of Russia and in the east, i.e. in Yakut, in Yakutsk and in Khabarovsk.
In summer, 2000 a maintenance team dealing with aeronautical equipment reconstruction was formed as a part of the flight-research base of SibNIA.
Head of Production Airframe Division Tumanov Sergey Alexandrovich: Starting only as a small team of 4 people without any special room, tools and equipment at the beginning,
gradually it became bigger and finally formed a separate department dealing with new samples of aircrafts.
We use a new machine with numerical control MultiCAM-5000 to manufacture production tooling, technical parts and special components.
One of the principle activities of the department is to take part in creation of flight laboratories.
Our project to re-motorize An-2 plane and equipped it with a gas turbine engine instead of old motor Ash-62 has great potential.
There are some interesting projects to create new pre-production models of aircrafts which are of considerable promise.
The experimental design office was formed in 2007, where the main part of the staff was young specialists who graduated from the technical universities.
Head of Design Bureau Pisarev Vyacheslav Vitalyevich: The experimental design office was organized in October, 2007 by Director's order. For this period, the team was engaged into designing work of airframes for aircrafts, and designing of benches for institution and aircraft repair plans needs.
During two and a half years DOD was in project with "IL" public corporation to design a caieson part of the wing and fuel system. DOD prepares engineering documentation for completion and maintenance of aircrafts in the flight-research base.
A whole package of documentation is issued with the help of automated layout systems, which help to avoid any mistakes at assembling.
At present technologies of fast manufacturing of frame parts and skins from the composition material has been implemented, as well as we have quite large experience in production of automated benches to test aviation hardware of aircrafts.
Director of SibNIA Barsuk Vladimir Evgenyevich, PhD in Technical Sciences: Nowadays SibNIA is a tool to test airframes of advanced aircrafts on fatigue durability.
This year our institution passed through re-certification audit made by Veritas company and the Institute got accreditation per ASN-9100 to conduct flight tests, resistance tests and dynamic tests, aerodynamic tests and development and designing of aircrafts.
We are ready to cooperate and hope to become a reliable support for general designers, aircraft specialists, and people, who cannot be indifferent to aviation.
In the end we would like to point out that SibNIA is one of several research institutions in Russia which activities include nearly all steps of aircraft development, starting with sketching and designing and finishing with flight tests and maintenance service.
Our achievements became true thanks to persistence of many generations of people working in the Institute. their belief in their work which they spent their lives on.
We can be quite sure that while people have their wish to fly, and while the most adventurous dreams of mankind are not realized, personnel of SibNIA will show enthusiasm in their work and will have enough space for scientific work.
Siberian Scientific and Research Institution of Aviation looks ahead with confidence!